Placebos and Analgesia

Abstract

The pain relieving effect of placebos has been subject to much scientific study and endless debates. The psychosocial environment and the psychobiological responses are responsible for the perceived clinical relief. But the response to placebos has raised several ethical questions. No patient should be denied the real analgesics on this account. They should be informed when placebos are used.  

This article describes the types of stress disorders and their clinical manifestations.